Populations of the desert tortoise have declined by about 90% since the 1980s. Since 1990, it has been listed as a threatened species in parts of the Mojave and Colorado Deserts. 
Natural predators are ravens, coyotes, roadrunners, Gila monsters, kit foxes and badgers.

Primary threats are the loss of habitat, vandalism, and illegal collection for pets. Factors contributing to loss of habitat include livestock grazing, mining, and off-road vehicle use.

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